KRIe - Linux Kernel Runtime Integrity With eBPF - Hacking Land

KRIe is a research project that aims to detect Linux Kernel exploits with eBPF. KRIe is far from being a bulletproof strategy: from eBPF related limitations to post exploitation detections that might rely on a compromised kernel to emit security events, it is clear that a motivated attacker will eventually be able to bypass it. That being said, the goal of the project is to make attackers' lives harder and ultimately prevent out-of-the-box exploits from working on a vulnerable kernel.

KRIe has been developed using CO-RE (Compile Once - Run Everywhere) so that it is compatible with a large range of kernel versions. If your kernel doesn't export its BTF debug information, KRIe will try to download it automatically from BTFHub. If your kernel isn't available on BTFHub, but you have been able to manually generate your kernel's BTF data, you can provide it in the configuration file (see below).

System requirements

This project was developed on Ubuntu Focal 20.04 (Linux Kernel 5.15) and has been tested on older releases down to Ubuntu Bionic 18.04 (Linux Kernel 4.15).

golang 1.18+
(optional) Kernel headers are expected to be installed in lib/modules/$(uname -r), update the Makefile with their location otherwise.
(optional) clang & llvm 14.0.6+

Optional fields are required to recompile the eBPF programs.

Build

Since KRIe was built using CORE, you shouldn't need to rebuild the eBPF programs. That said, if you want still want to rebuild the eBPF programs, you can use the following command:

# ~ make build-ebpf

To build KRIE, run:

# ~ make build

To install KRIE (copy to /usr/bin/krie) run:

# ~ make install

Getting started

KRIe needs to run as root. Run sudo krie -h to get help.

# ~ krie -hUsage:  krie [flags]Flags:      --config string   KRIe config file (default "./cmd/krie/run/config/default_config.yaml")  -h, --help            help for krie

Configuration

## Log level, options are: panic, fatal, error, warn, info, debug or tracelog_level: debug## JSON output file, leave empty to disable JSON output.output: "/tmp/krie.json"## BTF information for the current kernel in .tar.xz format (required only if KRIE isn't able to locate it by itself)vmlinux: ""## events configurationevents:  ## action taken when an init_module event is detected  init_module: log  ## action taken when an delete_module event is detected  delete_module: log  ## action taken when a bpf event is detected  bpf: log  ## action taken when a bpf_filter event is detected  bpf_filter: log  ## action taken when a ptrace event is detected  ptrace: log  ## action taken when a kprobe event is detected  kprobe: log  ## action taken when a sysctl event is detected  sysctl:    action:    log    ## Default settings for sysctl programs (kernel 5.2+ only)    sysctl_default:      block_read_access: false      block_write_access: false    ## Custom settings for sysctl programs (kernel 5.2+ only)    sysctl_parameters:      kernel/yama/ptrace_scope:        block_write_access: true      kernel/ftrace_enabled:        override_input_value_with: "1\n"  ## action taken when a hooked_syscall_table event is detected  hooked_syscall_table: log  ## action taken when a hooked_syscall event is detected  hooked_syscall: log  ## kernel_parameter event configuration  kernel_parameter:    action: log    periodic_action: log    ticker: 1 # sends at most one event every [ticker] second(s)    list:      - symbol: system/kprobes_all_disarmed        expected_value: 0        size: 4      #      - symbol: system/selinux_state      #        expecte   d_value: 256      #        size: 2      # sysctl      - symbol: system/ftrace_dump_on_oops        expected_value: 0        size: 4      - symbol: system/kptr_restrict        expected_value: 0        size: 4      - symbol: system/randomize_va_space        expected_value: 2        size: 4      - symbol: system/stack_tracer_enabled        expected_value: 0        size: 4      - symbol: system/unprivileged_userns_clone        expected_value: 0        size: 4      - symbol: system/unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy        expected_value: 1        size: 4      - symbol: system/sysctl_unprivileged_bpf_disabled        expected_value: 1        size: 4      - symbol: system/ptrace_scope        expected_value: 2        size: 4      - symbol: system/sysctl_perf_event_paranoid        expected_value: 2        size: 4      - symbol: system/kexe   c_load_disabled        expected_value: 1        size: 4      - symbol: system/dmesg_restrict        expected_value: 1        size: 4      - symbol: system/modules_disabled        expected_value: 0        size: 4      - symbol: system/ftrace_enabled        expected_value: 1        size: 4      - symbol: system/ftrace_disabled        expected_value: 0        size: 4      - symbol: system/sysctl_protected_fifos        expected_value: 1        size: 4      - symbol: system/sysctl_protected_hardlinks        expected_value: 1        size: 4      - symbol: system/sysctl_protected_regular        expected_value: 2        size: 4      - symbol: system/sysctl_protected_symlinks        expected_value: 1        size: 4      - symbol: system/sysctl_unprivileged_userfaultfd        expected_value: 0        size: 4  ## action to check when a regis   ter_check fails on a sensitive kernel space hook point  register_check: log